Pretreatment technologies are necessarily applied to lignocellulosic material to decrease recalcitrance and to improve the yield of fermentable sugars. Many pretreatment methods have been proposed and investigated, such as alkaline, steam explosion, ammonia fiber expansion, organic solvent, dilute acid, and so on. Different pretreatment methods have different mechanisms, for example, they can decrease cellulose crystallinity and/or the polymerization degree, increase accessible surface areas. However, economic and environmental requirements limit the applicability of these methods. An effective pretreatment strategy should also minimize carbohydrate degradation and the production of enzyme inhibitors and toxic products for fermenting microorganisms. One of the most promising pretreatment processes for lignocelluloses material is liquid hot water pretreatment. Some studies have been conducted on the mechanisms of LHW pretreatment. However, different biomass types have different structures and show different reaction mechanisms. In the process of ethanol production from lignocellulosic material, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation can be performed separately or simultaneously. In separate hydrolysis and fermentation, these two steps are separate, and SHF can coordinate the inconsistent contradiction between the temperatures for enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. In simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, both steps occur in a single bioreactor where the glucose formed is rapidly converted to ethanol by the yeast. However, solid loading is limited by the higher effective mixing and high viscosity of the system in the SSF process. Semi-SSF of ethanol production is an operating mode between SSF and SHF. S-SSF consists of two phases, namely, pre-hydrolysis and SSF. To increase substrate concentration, fed-batch S-SSF process was carried out. Fed-batch S-SSF for ethanol production showed that higher substrate concentration and higher ethanol yield can be obtained compared with S-SSF and SSF when a suitable pre-hydrolytic period is selected. In our previous study, LHW pretreatment was applied to corn stover to test the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, and cellulose conversion rates of almost 100% were obtained. In the present work, corn stover samples were subjected to a combination of LHW pretreatment and fed-batch S-SSF to obtain higher ethanol concentration and yield. The effects of different impact factors on the fermentation digestibility of LHW-pretreated corn stover in S-SSF and fed-batch S-SSF are discussed, and the chemical structures and morphological characteristics of corn stover during LHW pretreatment were presented. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study recently revealed, that the daily consumption of monomeric and oligomeric flavanols derived from seeds of grapes for 8 weeks accomplish a vascular health benefit in male smokers.