Epithelial ovarian cancer represents the fifth most lethal gynecologic malignancy and originates from the ovarian surface, inclusion cysts in the ovarian parenchyma, or from the nearby distal fallopian tube epithelium. Because there are few effective biomarkers and therapies, EOC is an aggressive disease which causes estimated 125,000 deaths all over the world annually. Five-year survival of patients with EOC is critically dependent on the clinical stage at patients�� diagnosis; if diagnosed and treated while localized, the 5-year survival rates can reach over 90%. However, most EOC patients are diagnosed as advanced disease where the 5-year survival is only 30,40%. These data suggest that the clinical outcome of EOC patients may be significantly higher with early diagnosis, however, currently there is no non-invasive method to accurately detect EOC at an early stage. Given this scenario, the development of novel and efficient diagnostic and Desacetyl-asperulosidic-acid prognostic molecular biomarkers for EOC is needed. MicroRNAs, as a novel class of small noncoding single-stranded RNAs, have recently been demonstrated to regulate gene Rhodionin expression post-transcriptionally through base pairs complementary to the binding sites on the 39-UTR of the target mRNA, leading to target mRNA cleavage or translational repression. By binding with their target genes, miRNAs are implicated into various biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis as well as cell differentiation. A growing evidence has reported that miRNAs may play essential roles in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Especially in EOC, Yeh et al. indicated the downregulation of miRNA-138 in the highly invasive cells, and its functioning as an inhibitor of cell migration and invasion; Wang et al. found that miR-182 may act as an oncogenic miRNA and promote cancer cell growth, invasion, and chemoresistance by targeting PDCD4 in EOC cells; Wu et al. suggested that miR-145 may modulate EOC growth and invasion by suppressing p70S6K1 and MUC1, functioning as a tumor suppressor. These previous studies provided initial clues for the contributions of loss or gain function of specific miRNAs to tumorigenesis and cancer progression of EOC.